Pave Low Helicopters - The Sikorsky MH-53 Pave Low helicopter is a retired long-range special operations and combat search and rescue (CSAR) helicopter of the US Air Force. The Sikorsky CH-53 is a series upgrade from the HH-53B/C variants of the Sea Stallion. The HH-53 "Super Jolly Gray Giant" was originally designed to replace the HH-3E "Jolly Gray Giant". The USAF MH-53J/M fleet was retired in September 2008.
The USAF ordered 72 HH-53B and HH-53C variants for search and rescue units during the Vietnam War and later developed the MH-53J Pave Low version for special operations.
Pave Low Helicopters
The mission of Pave Low is to move, evacuate, and resupply special operations forces to incursions in low-level, long-range, day or night, adverse weather conditions. Pave Lowes often served with the MC-130H Combat Talon for navigation, communications and combat support.
Mh 53 Pavelow Helicopter
The large gray HH-53B airframe earned it the nickname "Super Jolly Gray Giant". The name is a reference to the small HH-3E "Jolly Gray Giant", a stretched version of the H-3 Sea King used for combat search and rescue (CSAR) during the Vietnam War.
The USAF favored its Sikorsky S-61R/HH-3E "Jolly Gray Giant" long-range CSAR helicopters and was interested in the more powerful S-65/CH-53A. In 1966, the US Air Force awarded Sikorsky a contract to develop the CSAR CH-53A variant.
An HH-53B of the 40th Aerospace Rescue Squadron being refueled by an HC-130P Hercules over North Vietnam, 1969-70
Early HH-53Bs were equipped with 3,080 hp T64-GE-3 turboshaft engines. (2297 kW) each on the shaft, but these engines were later upgraded to 3925 hp T64-GE-7 turboshaft engines. (2927 kW) on the shaft. . A crew of five is standard, including a pilot, co-pilot, crew leader and two rescuers.
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The HH-53B was essentially an intermediate type, and production quickly switched to the slightly improved Air Force HH-53C CSAR variant. The most noticeable difference between the HH-53B and HH-53C is that the HH-53C does not have fuel tank struts. Experience with the HH-53B showed that the original tank was too large, detrimental to full capacity performance, so a smaller 450 US gal (1,703 L) tank was adopted instead. Other changes include more armor to improve communication with C-130 tankers and a full array of radios, attack aircraft to support CSAR operations, and personnel on the ground awaiting rescue. The HH-53C is similar to the HH-53B with more powerful T64-GE-7 engines.
A total of 44 HH-53Cs were built and entered service in August 1968. At the end of the war, they were equipped with heat-seeking missile defenses. Like the HH-53B, the HH-53C was used for covert operations and to retry capsule capture, as well as for surveillance drone capture. Some of them were assigned to support the Apollo space program in order to return the Apollo capsule when the launch pad crashed, although no such accident occurred.
In addition to the HH-53Cs, the Air Force received 20 CH-53C helicopters for more general transport tasks. The CH-53C is very similar to the HH-53C, retaining the rescue hoist, the most notable difference being that the CH-53C lacks an in-flight refueling probe. Because the CH-53Cs were used for covert operations, they were equipped with the same weapons and armor as the HH-53Cs.
PAVE or Pave is the Air Force's code name for a variety of weapon systems that use advanced electronics.
An Mh 53m Pave Low Iv Approaches An Mc 130p Combat Shadow For In Flight Refueling Over Flooded Central Mozambique
USAF Super Jollies are useful helicopters, but they are mostly used during the day and in good weather, and downed crews often encounter problems at night or in bad weather. In 1969, a limited night/adverse weather surveillance system based on the Low-Light Television Imaging Device (LLLTV) called "Pave Low I" was deployed in Southeast Asia and battle-tested on the Super Jolly, but its reliability was insufficient.
In 1975, the HH-53B was fitted with a much improved Pave Lo II system and redesignated the YHH-53H. This exercise proved more satisfactory, so eight HH-53Cs were further improved and redesignated HH-53H Pave Low IIIs, and the YHH-53H was also upgraded to this specification. All were delivered in 1979 and 1980.
The HH-53H has the in-flight refueling probe, external fuel tanks, rescue hoist, and three-gun armament of the HH-53C; Armament is usually a small gun on each side and a 0.50-inch (12.7 mm) Browning cannon in the tail to provide long-range and light armor protection. Improvements introduced with the HH-53H:
The FLIR and TFR are mounted on a distinctive chin mount. The HH-53H has 27 troop seats or 14 stretchers. The Navy undertook the upgrade at Psacola, reflecting the fact that the Navy maintains the Air Force's S-65 at a higher level. In 1986, the surviving HH-53Hs were upgraded under the CONSTANT GRE program, which included improvements such as night vision goggles (NVG) compatible blue-green cockpit lighting. They were reclassified as "special purpose" vehicles and accordingly received the new designation MN-53N.
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The HH-53H proved itself and the Air Force decided to order more, introducing the MH-53J Pave Low III with an improved configuration. The general configuration of the MH-53J is the same as the HH-53J, the main change being the installation of twin T64-GE-415 turboshaft engines with an output of 4,380 hp. (3 265 kW) each, plus more armor. This gives a total armor weight of 1,000 pounds (450 kg). There were also some avionics upgrades, including the installation of a modern Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite navigation receiver. A total of 31 HH-53Bs, HH-53Cs and CH-53Cs were upgraded to the MH-53J configuration from 1986 to 1990, all MH-53Hs were also upgraded, giving a total of 41 MH-53Js.
MH-53J Pave Lo IIIE of the 551st Special Operations Squadron, 58th Special Operations Wing during a training mission.
An MH-53M Pave Lo IV of the 21st Special Operations Squadron reaches an MC-130P Combat Shadow refueling basket for aerial refueling during the 2000 Mozambique floods.
The MH-53J Pave Low III helicopter is the largest, most powerful and technologically advanced transport helicopter in service with the US Air Force. Terrain-following and terrain-avoidance radar, forward-looking infrared sensor, inertial navigation system with global positioning system and head-up map display enable crew to follow terrain contours and avoid obstacles, enabling low altitude movement.
A Mh 53j Pave Low Iiie Heavy Lift Helicopter.\
As part of the Pave Lo III program, the Air Force modified nine MH-53Hs and 32 HH-53s to operate at night and in adverse weather conditions. Modifications include AN/AAQ-18 forward looking infrared system, inertial navigation system, global positioning system, Doppler navigation systems, APQ-158 terrain tracking and evasion radar, mission computer, advanced navigation system and integrated avionics. For accurate navigation to and from target areas. The Air Force designated these modified versions as the MH-53J.
The main mission of the MH-53J is to land, supply and pick up special forces behind enemy lines. It can also be used in combat search and rescue missions. Low-level petting is made possible by infrared sensors that allow the helicopter to operate in bad weather, along with sophisticated terrain-following radar. It is equipped with an armored coating. It can carry 38 troops at a time and can hang up to 20,000 pounds (9,000 kg) of cargo with an external hook. It can reach a maximum speed of 165 mph (266 km/h) and has a ceiling of 16,000 ft (4,900 m).
The MH-53M Pave Lo IV is modified from the MH-53J configuration with the addition of an Interactive Defensive Avionics System/Multipurpose Advanced Tactical Terminal or IDAS/MATT. This system improved the protection capabilities of Pave Lo. It provided immediate access to the overall situation on the battlefield through real-time electronic updates of the order of battle. It also provides a new level of detection prevention with real-time transmission of threats over the horizon, so crews can avoid and eliminate threats and roll back if necessary.
Pending delivery of the HH-53B, the Air Force received two CH-53A Marines for evaluation and training. The first of eight HH-53Bs made its maiden flight on 15 March 1967, and by the end of the year the type was flying CSAR missions with the USAF Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Service in Southeast Asia. The Air Force calls the HH-53B "Super Jolly." It was used for CSAR, covert combat operations, and for "capturing" capsules from photo reconnaissance satellites.
File:mh 53m Pave Low Iv Refueling From A Mc 130p
The Air Force lost 17 Super Jollys in the conflict in Southeast Asia, 14 of which were lost in combat, including one shot down by a North Vietnamese MiG-21 on 28 January 1970 on a CSAR mission over Laos, killing three. in an accident.
The Super Jollies made headlines in a failed raid in North Vietnam to rescue prisoners of war from the Son Tay POW camp in November 1970 and in an operation to rescue the crew of the cargo ship SS Mayaguez from Cambodian Khmer Rouge fighters in May 1975.
The HH-53B, HH-53C and CH-53C remained in service with the Air Force until the late 1980s. Super Jollies operating on the front line were painted in a variety of camouflage color schemes, while those used by the US Rescue Service were painted in a simple gray scheme with a yellow tail stripe.
The first nine HH-53H Pave Lows entered service on 1 July 1980 and were transferred from
Mh 53 Pave Low Helicopters Fly Over The Gulf Of Mexico From Hurlburt Field, Fla , During The Last Five Ship Formation Of The Stock Photo
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